The Chapter on Expiation

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى …

When the Prophet (ﷺ) took an oath he would say: 'By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad. '

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّنْعَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا …

The swearing of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when he took an oath and I bear witness before Allah was: 'By the One in Whose Hand is my soul. '

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاق الشَّافِعِيُّ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ …

The swearing most frequently sworn by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was: 'No, by the Controller of the hearts. '

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ …

The swearing of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was: 'No, and I ask Allah for forgiveness. '

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) heard him swearing by his father. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Allah forbids you from making oaths by your forefathers. 'Umar said: I never took an oath by them (i.e., my forefathers) myself nor narrating …

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Do not take oaths by idols nor by your forefathers.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever takes an oath, and swears, saying: 'By Al-Lat and Al-Uzza,' let him say:'La ilaha illallah.'

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلَّالُ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، عَنْ …

I took an oath by Lat and 'Uzza. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said : 'Say: La ilaha illallah wahdahu la sharika lahu (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah alone, with no partner or associate), then spit toward your left three times …

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever takes an oath to follow a religion other than Islam, telling a deliberate lie, he will be as he said.'

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَرَّرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) heard a man say: If that happens, I will be a Jew. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'That is guaranteed.

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ رَافِعٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever says: 'I have nothing to do with Islam,' if he is lying then he is as he said, and if he is telling the truth, his Islam will not be sound.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل بْنِ سَمُرَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) heard a man taking an oath by his father and said: 'Do not make oaths by your forefathers. Whoever makes an oath by Allah, let him fulfill his oath, and if an oath is sworn for a person by Allah, let him accept …

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ كَاسِبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى …

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Eisa bin Maryam saw a man stealing and said: 'Did you steal?' He said: 'No, by the One besides Whom there is no other God.' 'Eisa said: 'I believe in Allah, and I do not believe what my eyes see.'

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ بَشَّارِ بْنِ كِدَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: An oath (leads to) either sin or regret.

حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever swears an oath and says In sha' Allah, he will have made an exception. (2)

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever swears an oath and says In sha' Allah, if he wishes he may go ahead and if he wishes he may not, without having broken his oath.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ …

Whoever swears an oath and says In sha' Allah, will never break his oath.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ، أَنْبَأَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا غَيْلَانُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي …

I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) with a group of Asharites and asked him to give us animals to ride. He said: 'By Allah, I cannot give you anything to ride, and I have nothing to give you to ride.' We stayed as long as Allah willed …

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said: Whoever swears an oath then sees that something else is better than it, let him do that which is better and offer expiation for what he swore about.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو …

I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, my cousin comes to me and I swear that I will not give him anything or uphold the ties of kinship with him.' He said: 'Offer expiation for what you swore about.'

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever takes an oath to cut off the ties of kinship, or to do something that is not right, the fulfillment of his vow is not to do that.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُؤْمِنِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَوْنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ …

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Whoever swears an oath then sees that something else is better than it, let him not do it, and his leaving it is the expiation for it.

حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَكَّائِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) offered expiation of a Sa' of dates, and he enjoined the people to do likewise. Whoever does not have that (must give) half a Sa' of wheat.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، …

A man would give his family food that was abundant and another would give his family food that was barely sufficient, then the following was revealed: 'With the Awsat of that with which you feed your families...’”(2)

حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ الْمَعْمَرِيُّ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ هَمَّامٍ، …

'Abul-Qasim (ﷺ) said: If anyone of you insists on fulfilling what he swore to (after learning that it is wrong) then it is more sinful before Allah than (breaking the oath for which) the expiation that has been enjoined upon him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ أَبِي …

'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded us to help fulfill the oath.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، عَنْ …

On the Day of the conquest of Makkah, he came with his father and he said: 'O Messenger of Allah, give my father a share of Hijrah.' He said: 'There is no Hijrah.' Then he went away and entered upon 'Abbas رضی اللہ عنہ and said: 'Do you …

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَجْلَحُ الْكِنْدِيُّ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'When anyone of you swears an oath, let him not say: 'What Allah wills and what you will.' Rather let him say: 'What Allah wills and then what you will.'

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ …

A Muslim man saw in a dream that he met a man from among the People of the Book, who said: What good people you would be if only you were not committing Shirk. For you say: 'What Allah wills and Muhammad wills. ' He mentioned that to the …

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا …

We went out looking for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Wa'il bin Hujr رضی اللہ عنہ was with us. An enemy of his seized him and the people were reluctant to swear an oath but I swore that he was my brother, so they set him free. We came to …

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The oath is only according to the intention of the one who requests the oath to be taken.

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Your oath is as your companion understands it to be.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade vows and said: 'They are just a means of taking wealth from the miserly. '

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ، …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Vows do not bring the son of Adam anything unless it has been decreed for him. But he is dominated by Divine preordainment, and will get what is decreed for him. And (vows) are a means of making the miser …

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ أَبِي …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: [There is no vow to commit disobedience and] no vow concerning that which the son of Adam does not possess.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ السَّرْحِ الْمِصْرِيُّ أَبُو طَاهِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: There is no vow to commit disobedience, and the expiation (for such a vow) is the expiation for breaking an oath.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever vows to obey Allah, let him obey Him, and whoever vows to disobey Allah, let him not disobey Him.

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoever makes a vow and does not state it specifically, the expiation (for such a vow) is the expiation for breaking an oath.

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّنْعَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا خَارِجَةُ بْنُ …

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Whoever makes a vow and does not state it specifically, the expiation (for such a vow) is the expiation for breaking an oath. Whoever makes a vow and is not able to fulfill it, the expiation for that is the expiation …

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ …

I made a vow during the Ignorance period and I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) (about it) after I became Muslim. He told me to fulfill my vow.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِسْحَاق الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ …

A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: O Messenger of Allah, I vowed to offer a sacrifice at Buwanah. He said: Do you intend any action of Ignorance period? He said: No. He said: Then fulfill your vow.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ …

Her father met the Prophet (ﷺ) when she was riding behind him. He said: I vowed to offer a sacrifice at Buwanah. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Is there any idol there? He said: No. He said: Fulfill your vow. (Hasan)Another chain with …

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ …

Sa'd bin 'Ubadah رضی اللہ عنہ asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about a vow which his mother had made, but she had died without fulfilling it. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Fulfill it on her behalf .

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ …

A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: My mother has died, and she had made a vow to fast, but she died before she could fulfill it. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Let her guardian fast on her behalf .

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ …

'Uqbah bin 'Amir رضی اللہ عنہ told him, that his sister vowed to walk, barefoot and bareheaded, and he mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) He said: Order her to ride and to cover her head, and to fast for three days.

حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ كَاسِبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي …

The Prophet (ﷺ) saw an old man walking between his two sons, and he said: What is the matter with him?' His sons said: 'A vow, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Let this old man ride, for Allah has no need of you or your vow. '

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ …

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by a man in Makkah who was standing in the sun. He said: What is this? They said: He vowed to fast and not to seek shade until night comes, and not to speak, and to remain standing. He said: Let him speak …