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The Obligation of Transmitting on Authority of Trustworthy Narrators and Abandoning the Liars

Know - may Allah, exalted is He, grant you success – that what is obligatory upon everyone who is aware of the distinction between the Sahīh transmissions and their weak, the trustworthy narrators from those who stand accused, is to not transmit from them except what is known for the soundness of its emergence and the protection of its narrators; and that they fear what may be from those accused (of deficiency in narrating) and the stubborn people of innovation. The proof that what we have said is required above what opposes it is in the verse: {Oh you who believe! If a sinful person comes to you with news, then verify it lest you afflict people through ignorance then you become sorry about what you did}[al-Hujurāt: 6]; and the verse: {… from whom you are pleased with from the witnesses}[al-Baqarah: 282] and the verse: {And let two who possess integrity among you bare witness}[at-Talāq: 2]. Thus it demonstrates what we mentioned from these two verses that the report of the sinful is dropped and not accepted, and that the testimony [Shahādah] of one who does not possess integrity is rejected, and the report [Khabar] as well- even though its significance is separated from the meaning of testimony in some respects, they are in agreement regarding the overall conditions they share since the report of the sinful is not acceptable according to Ahl ul-Ilm just as his testimony is rejected according to all of them . The Sunnah demonstrates the prohibition of transmitting abominable transmissions just as in the example from the Qur’ān regarding the prohibition of the report of the sinful. There is a famous narration on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, that: ‘Whoever relates on my authority a narration while aware that it is a lie, then he is one of the liars’ . Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated it to us that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Abd ir-Rahman ibn Abī Laylā, on authority of Samurah bin Jundab. And also Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us, that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah and Sufyān, on authority of Habīb, on authority of Maymūn ibn Abī Shabīb, on authority of al-Mughīrat ibn Shu’bah, they both said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said the same thing.

English from hadithapi.com

Deutsch

Wisse – möge Allah, der Erhabene, dir Erfolg schenken –, dass es für jeden verpflichtend ist, der die Unterscheidung zwischen gesunden (Sahīh) und schwachen (Saqīm) Überlieferungen kennt, und die Vertrauenswürdigen unter den Überlieferern von den Beschuldigten zu unterscheiden weiß, dass er nur das überliefert, dessen korrekte Ursprünge bekannt sind und dessen Überlieferer Integrität besitzen. Und er soll sich vor dem hüten, was von den Beschuldigten oder den hartnäckigen Leuten der Bid‘a (religiöse Neuerung) stammt. Der Beweis dafür, dass das, was wir sagten, die verpflichtende Haltung ist – im Gegensatz zu dem, was dem widerspricht –, ist der Ausspruch Allahs, dessen Erwähnung erhaben ist: {O ihr, die ihr glaubt! Wenn ein Frevler (Fāsiq) mit einer Nachricht zu euch kommt, so vergewissert euch (der Wahrheit), damit ihr (nicht) unwissentlich Leute schädigt und dann bereut, was ihr getan habt.} [Al-Hujurāt: 6], und Sein Ausspruch, dessen Lobpreisung herrlich ist: {… aus den Zeugen, mit denen ihr zufrieden seid} [Al-Baqarah: 282], und Sein Ausspruch, der Mächtige und Erhabene: {Und lasst davon zwei Leute von euch als Zeugen antreten, die rechtschaffen sind} [At-Talāq: 2]. Was wir von diesen Versen erwähnten, beweist, dass die Nachricht eines Frevlers ungültig und nicht akzeptiert wird, und dass die Zeugenaussage eines Unrechtschaffenen zurückgewiesen wird. Und die Nachricht (Khabar) – obwohl ihre Bedeutung in mancherlei Hinsicht von der Bedeutung der Zeugenaussage (Shahādah) abweicht – treffen sie sich in ihrem wichtigsten Aspekt, da die Nachricht eines Frevlers von den Gelehrten (Ahl ul-Ilm) nicht akzeptiert wird, genauso wie seine Zeugenaussage von allen zurückgewiesen wird. Die Sunnah weist auf die Ablehnung der Überlieferung verwerflicher (Munkar) Berichte hin, ähnlich wie der Qur’an auf die Ablehnung der Nachricht eines Frevlers hinweist. Dies ist der berühmte Bericht, überliefert vom Gesandten Allahs (ﷺ): **Samurah ibn Jundab und Al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah berichteten:** Der Gesandte Allahs (ﷺ) sprach: „Wer einen Hadith in meinem Namen überliefert, von dem er annimmt, dass er eine Lüge ist, so ist er einer der Lügner.“

Machine-translated (Gemini) · unreviewed

Türkçe

Bil ki – Allah, Teâlâ, sana muvaffakiyet versin – sahih (sağlam) rivayetler ile zayıf (saqīm) olanları ve güvenilir râviler ile itham edilenleri ayırma yeteneğine sahip olan herkesin üzerine düşen şudur: Yalnızca çıkış yollarının (Mehâric) sağlamlığı bilinen ve nakilcilerinin dürüst olduğu (Sitârah) rivayetleri aktarmaktır. Ve itham ehli olanlardan, inatçı bid'at ehlinden gelen rivayetlerden sakınmasıdır. Söylediğimiz şeyin zorunlu olduğuna dair delil – buna aykırı olanın aksine – Allah’ın, Celâl ve Azamet Sahibi’nin şu sözüdür: {Ey iman edenler! Eğer size bir fâsık (günahkâr) bir haber getirirse, bilmeyerek bir topluluğa zarar verip de sonra yaptığınıza pişman olmamanız için onu araştırıp doğrulayın (tebyîn).} [Hucurât: 6] Yine O’nun, şanı yüce olanın sözü: {…razı olduğunuz şahitlerden} [Bakara: 282] Ve O’nun, Azîz ve Celîl olanın sözü: {Aranızdan iki adaletli kişiyi şahit tutun.} [Talâk: 2]. Bu âyetlerden bahsettiklerimiz, fâsığın haberinin geçersiz ve kabul edilemez olduğunu ve adaletli olmayanın şahitliğinin reddedildiğini göstermektedir. Haber (Khabar) – anlamı bazı yönlerden şahitlik (Şahâdeh) anlamından ayrılsa bile – en önemli anlamlarında birleşirler; zira fâsığın haberi, ilim ehli katında kabul edilmez, tıpkı şahitliğinin de hepsinin katında reddedilmesi gibi. Sünnet de, Kur’an’ın fâsığın haberini reddetmesi gibi, münker (kabul edilemez) haberlerin rivayet edilmesinin nefyine (yasaklanmasına) delalet etmiştir. Bu, Allah Resulü’nden (ﷺ) meşhur olan şu eserdir: **Semure bin Cündeb ve Muğire bin Şu'be (r.a.) bildirdiler:** Allah Resulü (ﷺ) şöyle buyurmuştur: “Kim benim adıma, yalan olduğunu düşündüğü bir sözü (hadisi) rivayet ederse, o da yalancılardan biridir.”

Machine-translated (Gemini) · unreviewed