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Sahih al-Bukhari

347

Chapter 7 · Rubbing hands and feet with dust (Tayammum)
Sahih

التَّيَمُّمُ ضَرْبَةٌ

Dry ablution (tayammum) is one strike

كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَجْنَبَ، فَلَمْ يَجِدِ الْمَاءَ شَهْرًا، أَمَا كَانَ يَتَيَمَّمُ وَيُصَلِّي فَكَيْفَ تَصْنَعُونَ بِهَذِهِ الآيَةِ فِي سُورَةِ الْمَائِدَةِ {فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا} فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَوْ رُخِّصَ لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا لأَوْشَكُوا إِذَا بَرَدَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَاءُ أَنْ يَتَيَمَّمُوا الصَّعِيدَ. قُلْتُ وَإِنَّمَا كَرِهْتُمْ هَذَا لِذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ. فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَ عَمَّارٍ لِعُمَرَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي حَاجَةٍ فَأَجْنَبْتُ، فَلَمْ أَجِدِ الْمَاءَ، فَتَمَرَّغْتُ فِي الصَّعِيدِ كَمَا تَمَرَّغُ الدَّابَّةُ، فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ " إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَكْفِيكَ أَنْ تَصْنَعَ هَكَذَا ". فَضَرَبَ بِكَفِّهِ ضَرْبَةً عَلَى الأَرْضِ ثُمَّ نَفَضَهَا، ثُمَّ مَسَحَ بِهَا ظَهْرَ كَفِّهِ بِشِمَالِهِ، أَوْ ظَهْرَ شِمَالِهِ بِكَفِّهِ، ثُمَّ مَسَحَ بِهِمَا وَجْهَهُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَفَلَمْ تَرَ عُمَرَ لَمْ يَقْنَعْ بِقَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ كُنْتُ مَعَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي مُوسَى فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَ عَمَّارٍ لِعُمَرَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعَثَنِي أَنَا وَأَنْتَ فَأَجْنَبْتُ فَتَمَعَّكْتُ بِالصَّعِيدِ، فَأَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَخْبَرْنَاهُ فَقَالَ " إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَكْفِيكَ هَكَذَا ". وَمَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ وَكَفَّيْهِ وَاحِدَةً

Show the chain of narration (Arabic)

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلاَمٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ شَقِيقٍ، قَالَ

Translation

Shaqiq reported: I was sitting with Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) and Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, and Abu Musa said to him, “If a man entered a state of janabah and did not find water for a month, would he not perform dry ablution (tayammum) and pray? What then do you do with this verse in Surat al-Ma'idah: ‘and you find no water, then seek clean earth’?” Abdullah said, “If they were granted a concession in this, they would soon, when the water felt cold to them, perform dry ablution with earth.” I said, “And you disliked this only for that reason?” He said, “Yes.” Then Abu Musa said, “Have you not heard the words of Ammar to Umar: ‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me on an errand, and I entered a state of janabah and did not find water, so I rolled in the earth as an animal rolls. I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: It would have been enough for you to do like this.’” And he struck the ground once with his hand, then shook it off, then with it wiped the back of his (right) hand with his left – or the back of his left with his (right) hand – then wiped his face with both. Then Abdullah said, “Did you not see that Umar was not satisfied with the words of Ammar?” … I was with Abdullah and Abu Musa, and Abu Musa said, “Have you not heard the words of Ammar to Umar: ‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me and you out, and I entered a state of janabah and rolled in the earth. Then we came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him, and he said: It would have been enough for you (to do) like this.’” And he wiped his face and his hands once.

Translator’s note: Qur'an 5:6. The part after “…” is an addition from another transmission via al-A'mash from Shaqiq.

Other translations

Deutsch

Schaqiq berichtete: Ich saß bei Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) und Abu Musa al-Asch'ari. Da sagte Abu Musa zu ihm: „Wenn ein Mann in Dschanaba (große rituelle Unreinheit) geriete und einen Monat lang kein Wasser fände, würde er dann nicht die Trockenreinigung vollziehen und beten? Was macht ihr denn mit diesem Vers in der Sure al-Ma'ida: ‚und findet ihr kein Wasser, so wendet euch reiner Erde zu‘?“ Abdullah sagte: „Würde ihnen hierin eine Erleichterung gewährt, dann würden sie bald, wenn ihnen das Wasser kalt ist, die Trockenreinigung mit Erde vollziehen.“ Ich sagte: „Und ihr habt dies nur deswegen missbilligt?“ Er sagte: „Ja.“ Da sagte Abu Musa: „Hast du nicht die Aussage Ammars zu Umar gehört: ‚Der Gesandte Allahs ﷺ schickte mich in einer Angelegenheit, und ich geriet in Dschanaba und fand kein Wasser. Da wälzte ich mich in der Erde, wie sich ein Tier wälzt. Ich erwähnte das dem Propheten ﷺ, und er sagte: Es hätte dir genügt, so zu tun.‘“ Und er schlug mit seiner Hand einmal auf die Erde, schüttelte sie dann ab und strich dann damit mit seiner Linken über den Rücken seiner (rechten) Hand – oder mit seiner (rechten) Hand über den Rücken seiner Linken –, dann strich er mit beiden über sein Gesicht. Da sagte Abdullah: „Hast du denn nicht gesehen, dass Umar sich mit der Aussage Ammars nicht zufriedengab?“ … Ich war bei Abdullah und Abu Musa. Da sagte Abu Musa: „Hast du nicht die Aussage Ammars zu Umar gehört: ‚Der Gesandte Allahs ﷺ schickte mich und dich los, und ich geriet in Dschanaba und wälzte mich in der Erde. Dann kamen wir zum Gesandten Allahs ﷺ und berichteten es ihm, und er sagte: Es hätte dir genügt, so (zu tun).‘“ Und er strich über sein Gesicht und seine Hände, ein (einziges) Mal.

Translator’s note: Koran 5:6. Der Teil nach „…“ ist ein Zusatz aus einer weiteren Überlieferung über al-A'masch von Schaqiq.

Türkçe

Şakîk şöyle rivayet etti: Abdullah b. Mes'ûd (r.a.) ve Ebû Mûsâ el-Eş'arî (r.a.) ile birlikte oturuyordum. Ebû Mûsâ ona: “Bir adam cünüp olsa ve bir ay su bulamasa teyemmüm edip namaz kılmaz mı? Mâide sûresindeki şu âyeti ne yaparsınız: ‘su bulamazsanız temiz bir toprakla teyemmüm edin’?” dedi. Abdullah: “Eğer bu konuda onlara ruhsat verilse, su kendilerine soğuk geldiğinde toprakla teyemmüm etmeleri yakındır” dedi. Ben: “Siz bunu sadece bunun için mi hoş görmediniz?” dedim. “Evet” dedi. Ebû Mûsâ: “Ammâr'ın (r.a.) Ömer'e (r.a.) şu sözünü işitmedin mi: ‘Resûlullah ﷺ beni bir iş için gönderdi. Cünüp oldum ve su bulamadım; hayvanın yuvarlandığı gibi toprakta yuvarlandım. Bunu Nebî'ye ﷺ anlattım. Şöyle buyurdu: Sana şöyle yapman yeterdi.’” dedi. Ve eliyle yere bir kez vurdu, sonra onu silkeledi, sonra onunla sol eliyle sağ elinin sırtını –ya da sağ eliyle sol elinin sırtını– meshetti, sonra ikisiyle yüzünü meshetti. Bunun üzerine Abdullah: “Ömer'in Ammâr'ın sözüyle yetinmediğini görmedin mi?” dedi. … Abdullah ve Ebû Mûsâ ile birlikteydim. Ebû Mûsâ: “Ammâr'ın Ömer'e şu sözünü işitmedin mi: ‘Resûlullah ﷺ beni ve seni gönderdi. Ben cünüp oldum ve toprakta yuvarlandım. Sonra Resûlullah'a ﷺ gelip durumu haber verdik. Şöyle buyurdu: Sana şöyle yapman yeterdi.’” dedi. Ve yüzünü ve ellerini bir kez meshetti.

Translator’s note: Kur'ân 5:6. “…” işaretinden sonraki kısım, A'meş'in Şakîk'ten yaptığı başka bir rivayetten bir ilavedir.

Further routes of narration

وَزَادَ يَعْلَى عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ شَقِيقٍ

Other versions of this report

The same report through another chain of narration. Matched by Claude, not reviewed.

  • قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدِ الْمَاءَ لاَ يُصَلِّي. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَوْ رَخَّصْتُ لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا، كَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُهُمُ الْبَرْدَ قَالَ هَكَذَا ـ يَعْنِي تَيَمَّمَ وَصَلَّى ـ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ قَوْلُ عَمَّارٍ لِعُمَرَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ عُمَرَ قَنِعَ بِقَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ.

    Shaqiq reported: Abu Musa said to Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, “If he does not find water, does he not pray?” Abdullah said, “If I were to grant them a concession in this, then whenever one of them felt cold, he would do like this” – meaning …

  • كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَبِي مُوسَى فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى أَرَأَيْتَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِذَا أَجْنَبَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ، مَاءً كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لاَ يُصَلِّي حَتَّى يَجِدَ الْمَاءَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى فَكَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِقَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ حِينَ قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " كَانَ يَكْفِيكَ " قَالَ أَلَمْ تَرَ عُمَرَ لَمْ يَقْنَعْ بِذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى فَدَعْنَا مِنْ قَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ، كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِهَذِهِ الآيَةِ فَمَا دَرَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ مَا يَقُولُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَوْ رَخَّصْنَا لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا لأَوْشَكَ إِذَا بَرَدَ عَلَى أَحَدِهِمُ الْمَاءُ أَنْ يَدَعَهُ وَيَتَيَمَّمَ. فَقُلْتُ لِشَقِيقٍ فَإِنَّمَا كَرِهَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ.

    Shaqiq reported: I was with Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) and Abu Musa, and Abu Musa said to him, “What do you think, O Abu Abd ar-Rahman: if someone enters a state of janabah and does not find water, what should he do?” Abdullah said, “He does …

The journey of this hadith

From Medina to Samarqand – over 245 years and 7 stations this text was passed on, mouth to ear, teacher to student.

256AH

al-Bukhari · Samarqand

050100150200250The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ† 11 AH · MedinaAbu Musa al-Asha'ari† 52 AH · MeccaShaqayq bin Salmah al-Asadi† 100 AH · KufaSulaiman al-A'mash† 147 AH · KufaMuhammad bin Khazim al-Darir† 195 AH · KufaYa'la bin 'Ubaid bin Umayya …† 200 AH · KufaMuhammad bin Salam al-Baykandi† 227 AH · Bukharaal-Bukhari† 256 AH · Samarqand
  • Prophet ﷺ
  • Companions (Sahaba)
  • Successors (Tabiʿun)
  • Successors of the Successors
  • Later scholars
  • Compiler
  • Corroborating narration (mutābaʿa)
Chain as a list

Main chain

  1. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺرسول الله ﷺ
  2. Abu Musa al-Asha'ariأَبُو مُوسَى

    d. 52 AH / 672 CE · Makkah · Comp. RA 1st Generation

  3. d. 100 AH · Follower Tabi' 1st Generation

  4. Sulaiman al-A'mashالأَعْمَشِ

    d. 147 AH · Follower Tabi' 5th generation

  5. Muhammad bin Khazim al-Darirأَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ

    d. 195 AH · Succ. Taba' Tabi' 9th generation

  6. Muhammad bin Salam al-Baykandiمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلاَمٍ

    d. 227 AH · 3rd Century AH 10th generation

  7. al-Bukhariالبخاري

    Compiler

Corroborating narration (mutābaʿa)

Another narrator transmitted the same text as well and corroborates this part of the chain.

  1. d. 100 AH · Follower Tabi' 1st Generation

  2. Sulaiman al-A'mashالأَعْمَشِ

    d. 147 AH · Follower Tabi' 5th generation

  3. d. 200 AH · Succ. Taba' Tabi' 9th generation